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Blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids) can result from extension of a generalized dermatitis, conjunctivitis or local glandular infections, or irritants such as plant oils or solar exposure. The lids can be the original site of involvement for agents that progress to a generalized dermatitis. Dermatophytes,
Demodex
canis
, and bacteria such as staphylococci often are involved. The mucocutaneous junction of the skin and conjunctiva can be the site of lesions of immune-mediated diseases such as pemphigus. Skin scrapings, cultures, and biopsies may be required for an accurate diagnosis. Localized glandular infections may be acute or chronic (stye and chalazion). |
| In generalized blepharitis, systemic therapy often is indicated in addition to topical treatment. Supportive therapy of hot packing and frequent cleansing is indicated in acute cases. Nonophthalmic preparations can be used to treat the eyelids, but caution in application is indicated to avoid corneal and conjunctival contact and possible irritation. |
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