Table: Feeding Guidelines for Large-Breed Dairy Cattle a

Feeding Guidelines for Large-Breed Dairy Cattle ^a

	Dry (Far off)	Close (Close up)	Cow - Fresh	Cow - Early	Cow - Mid	Cow - Late	6-mo Heifer	12-mo Heifer	18-mo Heifer	24-mo Heifer (Close up)
Body wt, lb (kg)	1,500 (675)	1,500 (675)	1,500 (675)	1,500 (675)	1,500 (675)	1,500 (675)	440 (200)	660 (300)	1,000 (450)	1,375 (625)
DMI, lb (kg/day)	32 (14)	22 (10)	34 (15)	66 (30)	52 (24)	45 (20)	11 (5)	16 (7)	25 (11)	23 (10)
Milk, lb^b (kg/day)			77 (35)	120 (55)	77 (35)	55 (25)
CP (%)^c	9.9	12.4	19.5	16.7	15.2	14.1	12.3	11.4	8.8	15.0
RDP (%)	7.7	9.6	10.5	9.8	9.7	9.5	9.4	9.5	8.8	10.1
RUP (%)	2.2	2.8	9.0	6.9	5.5	4.6	2.9	1.9	0.004	4.9
MP (%)	6.0	8.0	13.8	11.6	10.2	9.2	7.2	7.0	5.3	9.7
NE_L, Mcal/lb (Mcal/kg)	0.60 (1.32)	0.65 (1.43)	0.82^d (1.8)	0.73 (1.61)	0.67 (1.47)	0.62 (1.36)	—	—	—	0.72 (1.58)
ME, Mcal/lb (Mcal/kg)							0.93 (2.05)	1.03 (2.27)	0.82 (1.80)
NDF (%)	40	35	30	28	30	32	30	32	33	35
ADF (%)	30	25	21	19	21	24	20	22	24	25
NFC (%)	30	34	35	38	35	32	35	30	25	34
Calcium (%)	0.44	0.48	0.79	0.60	0.61	0.62	0.41	0.41	0.37	0.40
Phosphorus (%)	0.22	0.26	0.42	0.38	0.35	0.32	0.28	0.23	0.18	0.23
Magnesium (%)	0.11	0.40	0.29	0.21	0.19	0.18	0.11	0.11	0.08	0.40
Chlorine (%)	0.13	0.20	0.20	0.29	0.26	0.24	0.11	0.12	0.10	0.20
Sodium (%)	0.10	0.14	0.34	0.22	0.23	0.22	0.08	0.08	0.07	0.14
Potassium (%)	0.51	0.62	1.24	1.07	1.04	1.00	0.47	0.48	0.46	0.55
Sulfur (%)	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
Vitamin A (IU/day)	80,300	83,270	75,000	75,000	75,000	75,000	24,000	24,000	36,000	75,000
Vitamin D (IU/day)	21,900	22,700	21,000	21,000	21,000	21,000	6,000	9,000	13,500	20,000
Vitamin E (IU/day)	1,168	1,200	545	545	545	545	240	240	360	1,200
Adapted, with permission, from Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle, 2001, National Academy of Sciences, National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
^a DMI, dry matter intake; CP, crude protein; RDP, rumen degradable protein; RUP, rumen undegraded protein; MP, metabolizable protein; NE_L, net energy lactation; ME, metabolizable energy; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; ADF, acid detergent fiber; NFC, non-fiber carbohydrate. Trace mineral added to ration (expressed as ppm): cobalt: 0.11; copper 10–18; iodine: 0.3–0.4; iron: 13–130; manganese: 14–24; selenium: 0.30; zinc: 22–70.
^b Milk components: 3.5% fat, 3.0% true protein, and 4.8% lactose.
^c All concentration values are on a dry-matter basis.
^d 0.82 Mcal/lb DM is the maximum energy concentration that can be formulated without resulting in insufficient dietary fiber or excess fat concentrations. This energy concentration will typically not meet the energy requirements at this lactation stage and these cows will lose weight.

Merck Manual

Leave this Site?

Feeding Guidelines for Large-Breed Dairy Cattle a

Feeding Guidelines for Large-Breed Dairy Cattle ^a