Differential Diagnoses of Equine Myopathies
Differential Diagnoses of Equine Myopathies
Non-exercise-associated Rhabdomyolysis |
Inflammatory myopathies Clostridial myositis Influenza myositis Sarcocystis myositis Immune-mediated myopathy Nutritional myopathy Vitamin E and selenium deficiency Toxic myopathies Ionophore toxicity Senna occidentalis Pasture myopathies Rayless goldenrod/white snakeroot Hypoglycin A in box elder and European sycamore trees Traumatic myopathies Compressive anesthetic myopathy Trauma Genetic myopathies Glycogen branching enzyme deficiency in Quarter horses Polysaccharide storage myopathy types 1 and 2 Malignant hyperthermia in Quarter horses |
Exertional Rhabdomyolysis |
Focal muscle strain Sporadic tying-up (overexertion) Chronic tying-up Dietary imbalances, vitamins, minerals, electrolytes Polysaccharide storage myopathy types 1 and 2 Malignant hyperthermia Recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis Idiopathic chronic exertional rhabdomyolysis |
Exertional Myopathy with Normal CK |
Mitochondrial myopathy Polysaccharide storage myopathy type 2 |
Muscle Atrophy |
Myogenic atrophy Severe rhabdomyolysis Disuse Cushing disease Immune-mediated myositis (rapid atrophy) Vitamin E–deficient myopathy Homozygous polysaccharide storage myopathy type 1 Polysaccharide storage myopathy type 2 Neurogenic atrophy Equine protozoal myelitis Local nerve trauma Equine motor neuron disease Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy Toxic peripheral neuropathies |
Muscle Fasciculations |
Pain, fear Weakness (botulism, chronic debilitation) Electrolyte abnormalities Equine motor neuron disease Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis Hypokalemia Otobius megnini (ear tick) infestation Myotonic dystrophy Stiff horse syndrome Shivers |