Elimination, Distribution, and Clearance of Penicillins
Penicillin | Species | Route | Elimination Half-life (min) | Volume of Distribution (L/kg) | Clearance (mL/kg/min) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Penicillin G | Dogs | IV | 30 | 0.156 | 3.6 |
Horses | IV | 38 | 0.362 | 8.5 | |
Cattle | IV | 110 | 0.246 | 9.21 | |
Swine | IV | 19.5 | 0.53 | 19.06 | |
Chickens | IV | 35 | 118 | ||
Ampicillin | Dogs | IV | 111 | 0.275 | 4.63 |
Swine | IV | 36 | 0.37 | 9.15 | |
Horses | IV | 45 | 0.279 | 4.0 | |
Amoxicillin | Cattle | IV | 81 | 0.270 | 6 |
Dogs | IV | 71 | 0.449 | 4.5 | |
Chickens | IV | 65 | 1.0 | 1 | |
Meropenem | Cats | IV | 81 | 0.14 | 1.8 |
Horses | IV | 47 | 0.12 | 2.75 | |
Sheep | IV | 23 | 0.055 | 4.3 | |
Imipenem | Cats | IV | 70 | 0.37 | 3 |
For penicillin G: pharmacokinetic parameters are for potassium and sodium salts only. For amoxicillin: pharmacokinetic parameters are only for the amoxicillin sodium salt, which is not available in the US |