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Modified TNM Staging System for Canine Mammary Tumors<sup >a</sup>

Modified TNM Staging System for Canine Mammary Tumorsa

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Stage	T	N	M
I	< 3 cm (T1)	No nodal involvement (N0)	No distant metastasis (M0)
II	3–5 cm (T2)	No nodal involvement (N0)	No distant metastasis (M0)
III	> 5 cm (T3)	No nodal involvement (N0)	No distant metastasis (M0)
IV	Any tumor size	Nodal involvement (N1)	No distant metastasis (M0)
V	Any tumor size	Any	Distant metastasis (M1)
^a T, size of primary tumor. N, nodal involvement. M, distant metastasis.