Ticks found attached to humans or domestic animals should be removed immediately. The longer a tick remains attached to the skin, the more pathogen- and/or toxin-containing saliva is being injected into the host. Therefore, prompt removal is imperative. Several tick removal devices are on the market; however, ticks are most effectively removed by a plain set of fine-tipped tweezers.
The CDC recommends the following method of tick removal:
Use tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin surface as possible.
Pull upward with steady, even pressure.
Do not twist the tick, because this will cause the mouthparts to break off and remain in the skin. If this happens and the mouthparts cannot easily be removed with clean tweezers, leave it alone and let the skin heal. Chances of a local infection being caused by remaining tick mouthparts are minor compared with the risk of pathogen transmission by an attached tick.
Avoid crushing the tick. Do not squash the tick with your fingers; the contents of the tick can transmit disease through skin abrasions.
After removing the tick, thoroughly clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol, an iodine scrub, or soap and water.
Avoid folk remedies such as painting the tick with nail polish or petroleum jelly or using a hot match to make the tick detach from the skin. The goal is to remove the tick as quickly as possible, not to wait for it to detach. Using irritants such as petroleum jelly, a hot match, or alcohol will not cause the tick to "back out" and, in fact, may cause more disease-carrying tick saliva to be deposited in the wound.
For More Information
How to remove a tick from your dog. American Kennel Club.
Vectors: ticks. Preventing disease transmission in livestock and poultry._Iowa State University Center for Food Security and Public Health.
Also see pet owner content regarding ticks of dogs, cats, and horses.
