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Special Considerations for Reptiles

Creator: Stephen J. Divers
Published: 2020-08-31

Stephen J. Divers

, BVetMed, DACZM, DECZM, FRCVS, Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia

Reviewed/Revised Aug 2020 | Modified Oct 2022

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Most reptiles cannot tolerate much handling and do best when provided with an environment as close as possible to their natural habitat and then left alone. Reptiles also require specialized diets often involving live prey, fresh vegetation, and vitamin and/or mineral supplements. Because of these requirements, reptiles are pets best suited to adults or older children who will enjoy observing their pet’s behavior rather than playing with it.

Preventing the Spread of Disease from Your Reptile to You

It is extremely important that you practice good sanitation every time you come into contact with your reptile or anything from its environment.

Wash your hands with a disinfecting soap after handling the reptile and any of its environmental contents, especially after cleaning its cage and coming into contact with any animal droppings.
Use disposable gloves.
Disinfect the cage and its accessories often.
Do not eat, drink, or smoke while handling your reptile or cleaning its environment.
Do not kiss your pet reptile.
Do not clean your reptile’s cage or its contents in your kitchen or where any food preparation may take place.
Disinfect the sink, tub, or counter you use to clean these items immediately after cleaning them to reduce the potential of disease-causing organisms being transmitted to you or anything you may use in the near future.
Supervise children around the reptile.
If your nonvenomous reptile bites or scratches you, wash the injured area immediately with a disinfecting soap and then apply a topical antibiotic ointment. If any signs of infection (such as redness, swelling, pus, or fever) develop, contact a doctor as soon as possible.
Do not keep venomous reptiles.
Take your reptile to a veterinarian and have the reptile tested for potentially harmful organisms.

Reptiles can transfer some disease-causing organisms to humans. Children under the age of 10 years, pregnant women, elderly people, and people with a weakened immune system are more susceptible. Even if your reptile is not sick, it can still pass disease-causing organisms to you. Salmonella species, Edwardsiella species bacteria, and various parasites, fungi, and protozoa are just some of the potential disease-causing organisms transmitted from reptiles that can cause disease in humans see Table: Diseases that can be Spread from Reptiles to People Diseases that can be Spread from Reptiles to People .

Because of the risk of bites, it is not recommended that you keep venomous snakes or reptiles as pets.

Also see professional content regarding reptiles Overview of Reptiles The class Reptilia includes >10,000 species, but only a few dozen are likely to be encountered in general practice. All the Crocodilia, front-fanged venomous snakes (but not all rear-fanged... read more .

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Special Considerations for Reptiles

Preventing the Spread of Disease from Your Reptile to You

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