Like people, pets tend to develop cancer more often as they get older. Researchers are still trying to understand why age is linked to cancer. One idea is that aging weakens the immune system, making it easier for cells to become precancerous (more likely to become cancerous). In addition, the longer a pet lives, the more exposure it has to environmental factors that can lead to cancer.
Cancer is complex and can be caused by a mix of genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors.
Are Some Breeds More Likely to Develop Cancer?
Statistics show that some breeds of dogs are more likely to develop cancer than others. For example, Golden Retrievers, Boxers, Bernese Mountain Dogs, and Rottweilers tend to have higher cancer rates, suggesting that genetics play a role.
Is Diet Related to Cancer?
Research indicates that many human cancers are linked to environmental or dietary factors, and the same is likely true for pets. Pets and their owners are exposed to similar risks, such as UV radiation from the sun, secondhand smoke, farm chemicals, and air pollution. All of these environmental factors may contribute to causing cancer.
In addition to environmental factors, certain chemicals in pet food, like those in human food, are believed to increase the risk for cancer. Pet owners should check with their veterinarians to ensure they are feeding their pets a balanced, high-quality diet to limit their animals' risk of cancer.
What Other Factors Might Cause Cancer in an Animal?
Some cancers have known causes. For example, prolonged exposure to sunlight and secondhand smoke are notable risk factors. Certain viruses, like the feline leukemia virus, can also lead to cancer in pets. Some cancers can even be sexually transmitted.
Vaccinations are crucial for pet health, but in rare cases, cancer can develop at the site of a vaccine later on. Because of this, vaccines are now administered at specific locations in the body (such as the lower leg), especially in cats, so that if cancer were to develop, it would be easier to remove and treat.
